Reposted from SATPR News

Following an investigation by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement’s (ICE) Homeland Security Investigations (HSI) New York’s Cultural Property, Arts and Antiquities (CPAA) group, in coordination with the Manhattan District Attorney’s Office (DANY), three marble statues originally excavated from the Temple of Eshmun in Lebanon were repatriated to their home country. The Consul General of Lebanon in New York accepted the return of the artifacts on behalf of Lebanon.

“These three pieces have travelled through the underworld of art, being recovered here in New York. Now it is time that they are returned to Lebanon, their rightful home,” said Angel M. Melendez, special agent in charge of HSI New York. “The trafficking of cultural property and art is a lucrative criminal enterprise that transnational criminal organizations seek to partake of to make a profit; nonetheless, the cultural significance and worth of these returned treasures is beyond any monetary value.” 

This year, HSI New York’s CPAA group, in a coordinated effort with DANY, seized several artifacts pursuant to search warrants and an ongoing joint investigation with partners in local and international law enforcement into the trafficking of stolen antiquities, including:

• Torso E1912: In November, a marble torso, circa the 4th century B.C.E., was recovered from a private owner who acquired it after the statue was excavated in the 1970s from the Temple of Eshmun, an ancient place of worship near Sidon in southwestern Lebanon. The item was subsequently stolen during the Lebanese Civil War and sold by an antiquities dealer before being shipped to New York.
• The Calf Bearer: In October, another marble torso, circa the 6th century B.C.E. and valued at approximately $4.5 million, was recovered from a private owner who acquired the artifact after it too was excavated from the Temple of Eshmun in the 1970s, stolen during the Lebanese Civil War, and sold to private collectors.
• The Bull’s Head: In July, a marble bull’s head, circa 360 B.C.E. and valued at approximately $1.2 million, was recovered from the Metropolitan Museum of Art, where it was on loan for display by a private collector who acquired the statue after it was also was excavated from the Temple of Eshmun in the 1960s, transferred to the Byblos Citadel in Jubayl, stolen during the Lebanese Civil War, and sold to private collectors.

All of the items were seized pursuant to judicially authorized warrants, but were thereafter forfeited once the owners were presented with evidence that the artifacts had been stolen from Lebanon.

HSI plays a leading role in criminal investigations that involve the illicit importation and distribution of cultural property, as well as the illegal trafficking of artwork, specializing in recovering works that have been reported lost or stolen. HSI’s International Operations, through its 62 attaché offices in 46 countries, works closely with foreign governments to conduct joint investigations.

HSI’s specially trained investigators assigned to both domestic and international offices, partner with governments, agencies and experts to protect cultural antiquities. They also train investigators from other nations and agencies to investigate crimes involving stolen property and art, and how to best enforce the law to recover these items when they emerge in the marketplace. Those involved in the illicit trafficking of cultural property, art and antiquities can face prison terms of up to 20 years, fines and possible restitution to purchasers of the items.

Since 2007, more than 8,000 artifacts have been returned to 30 countries, including paintings from France, Germany, Poland and Austria; 15th to 18th century manuscripts from Italy and Peru; as well as cultural artifacts from China, Cambodia and Iraq.

Learn more about HSI cultural property, art and antiquities investigations →

Members of the public who have information about suspected stolen cultural property are urged to call the toll-free tip line at 1-866-DHS-2-ICE or to complete the online tip form.

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Reposted from The National

The ancient marble sculpture had made its way from Lebanon to New York, via a well-trodden path of dealers and collectors.

And there it might have remained if it were not for a tenacious Manhattan prosecutor who spotted it in an old copy of House & Garden magazine dating from 1998 which featured homes built to show off art collections.

The caption described how the master bathroom was decorated with a “breathtakingly beautiful” marble torso.

A search warrant issued last month describes it in different terms: stolen property, a treasure excavated from a Phoenician temple.

It is now in the possession of prosecutors in New York awaiting repatriation to Lebanon.

It marks another success for Matthew Bogdanos, a real-life monuments man who spotted the photograph. His work as assistant Manhattan district attorney draws on experience gained in the US Marine Corps Reserves when he led an operation to recover thousands of antiquities looted from the National Museum of Iraq in the aftermath of the American invasion.

Then, he would tell journalists that he always kept four things in his rucksack — his weapon, ammunition, water and a copy of the Iliad, Homer’s epic account of the Trojan war.

It is an apt metaphor for a warrior trained in law and the classics who stands at the center of efforts to thwart the global trade in stolen antiquities.

And it was a copy of the Iliad, given to him at the age of 12 by his mother, that set him on his chosen course.

“It was identification with the Bronze Age Greeks and their values that led me to take up boxing, to join the Marines, to become a prosecutor,” Mr Bogdanos writes in his memoir, Thieves of Baghdad.

At the time, he was waiting tables at his parents’ diner in Manhattan, doing his homework in spare moments and eating leftover dinners.

He joined the Marines after school but was directed to attend college first so that he could become an officer.

He paid his way to a bachelor's degree in classics by learning how to count cards and then cleaning up at blackjack in the casinos of Atlantic City, before adding a master's degree and a law degree from Columbia University.

During his time at law school he interned for Harold Rothwax, a New York judge famous for his harsh tongue and matching sentences.

“From the moment I stepped in his courtroom, I knew that’s what I wanted to do,” Mr Bogdanos said in a 2003 interview.

He left the Marines after a decade in 1988, to join the Manhattan district attorney’s office. His stocky build and tenacity in prosecuting murderers and celebrities (including Puff Daddy) earned him the nickname “pit bull” in local newspapers.

He returned to the Marines after 9/11, first in Afghanistan and then Iraq, as part of a counter-terrorism unit, using forensic skills to trace banned weapons and track terrorist funding.

When he got wind of the damage done to the national museum in Baghdad he immediately offered to lead an investigation.

His senior officer told him not to worry if his inquiries led him to point the finger at US forces. “That pit bull thing you do in New York? You do that in Baghdad, and let the chips fall where they may,” he said.

Among the missing items were some of the world’s most important archaeological treasures. They included the sacred Vase of Warka, a 5,000-year-old carved alabaster stone vessel.

Mr Bogdanos instituted an amnesty, promising a cup of tea but no questions for anything returned. That worked with amateur looters who felt entitled to anything left behind by Saddam Hussein’s vicious regime, but he also put together raids to recover objects stolen by organized gangs.

The Vase of Warka was returned after two months by three young men who lifted it from the back of a red Toyota.

Reporters beat a path to his digs inside the museum as they looked for a story that illustrated the chaos of post-Saddam Iraq and its reconstruction.

They found a captivating character, as likely to quote Cicero as a Samurai warrior in blunt, New York tones.

Back in civilian life and the work continues. Manhattan’s museums, auction houses and collectors put it at the center of the legal trade in antiquities, which also means it is frequently at the center of the illegal trade.

Some of the artefacts were removed from their country of origin decades ago; others have entered the market more recently, as ISIL sold looted treasures to fill its coffers.

In the past three years, at least $150 million (Dh550m) of treasures have been recovered, of which $3m have been repatriated.

In recent weeks, Mr Bogdanos and his team have seized a plundered Persian artefact valued at $1.2m from a British dealer at an art fair, a Roman marble torso of Cupid from Christie’s days before it was to be auctioned, and taken possession of a 2,300-year-old bull’s head sculpture from the Metropolitan Museum of Art.

Often the current owner believes they have lawful possession, only to discover later that they have unwittingly bought stolen property.

The bull’s head, for example, was stolen from Lebanon during its civil war. It was excavated from the Temple of Eshmun in Sidon in 1967 but disappeared when storerooms in Byblos were looted in 1981.

It was Met museum staff who alerted authorities at the start of this year. It had been offered for display by its owner, who bought it from Lynda and William Bierewaltes, collectors in Colorado, who in turn purchased it in good faith for $1m in 1996. They bought it from a London dealer, Roger Symes, who was later unmasked as a key player in the illegal antiquities trade.

That trail led Mr Bogdanos to the 1998 special issue of House & Garden which included a photographic feature of the Bierewaltes’ home. There, in the tranquility of the designer bathroom, stood the marble statue of the calf bearer.

Both items are expected to be returned to Lebanon.

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Reposted from Artnet News

At around 5:30 a.m. CET on November 20, firefighters and police were called to Santander and Cantabria’s Museum of Modern and Contemporary Art in Spain due to smoke billowing from the top of the building.

The blaze broke out on the top floor of the museum. Thankfully, none of the artworks in the collection—which includes Francisco de Goya‘s 1814 portrait of King Fernando VII—were damaged as the museum is currently undergoing renovations and works are temporarily stored in a bunker in the basement.

At around 10 a.m., Santander’s mayor, Gema Igual, tweeted that the blaze had been contained, writing: “The fire at MAS declared at dawn is under control. No one was hurt and the worker who was guarding the art collection is well. Firefighters are working on the inside on ventilation and searching for hotspots.”

About a dozen apartments in the block adjacent to the museum on Rubio street were evacuated, but residents have since been able to return to their homes.

As a precaution, the collection will also be moved to another safe location as soon as possible, while the rest of the museum is being examined. The cause of the blaze is as yet unknown but is being investigated by the city’s criminal police.

The museum has been closed to the public since February, while it is undergoing a €585,980 ($690,000) renovation project which includes roof repairs and the installation of an elevator to improve accessibility. 

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Reposted from The Washington Post

The gunman who killed more than two dozen people inside a Texas church this month lied when he registered as a security guard earlier this year, according to records released this week.

Authorities have said the gunman, 26-year-old Devin Patrick Kelley, was able to buy firearms because the Air Force failed to tell the FBI that he was convicted of domestic violence at court-martial. Because the Air Force never notified the FBI, Kelley was able to pass background checks needed to purchase weapons, which should have been prevented by his conviction.

Records released Monday show that Kelley also bypassed an application process that involved asking him to be forthright about his personal history, showing that in some cases involving people who seek firearms or employment, the systems rely in part on their honesty — and that lies are not always easy to catch.

Kelley’s life was full of red flags in the years before he attacked the First Baptist Church in Sutherland Springs, using a semiautomatic assault-style rifle to kill 26 people gathered for Sunday morning services on Nov. 5. According to law enforcement officials and police and military documents, Kelley had threatened military superiors and relatives, escaped from a mental health facility, and had been accused of animal cruelty and domestic assault.

After the attack, Kelley exchanged fire with a local man who responded to the gunfire, then climbed into his car and fled, fatally shooting himself before police arrived.

In June, Kelley applied for an unarmed registration to be a noncommissioned security officer, according to his application. He was seeking work as a night security guard at a Schlitterbahn water park in New Braunfels, Tex., the company said. Kelley passed a Texas Department of Public Safety criminal background check before he was hired, a spokeswoman said.

His employment there was short-lived. Kelley was fired after a little more than five weeks — as the summer season was nearing its peak — because he was “not a good fit,” a spokeswoman said.

The Texas Department of Public Safety, which released the application, has described Kelley’s job as similar to a security guard at a concert. The duties included patrolling on foot and on a bicycle as well as providing security by standing at a post. The application released Monday shows that Kelley passed his background check, as Schlitterbahn said.

As part of the application, Kelley also was asked several questions about his personal history. Kelley wrote that he was not discharged from the military, which is untrue.

In 2012, Kelley faced an Air Force court-martial after he was charged with abusing his wife and her son, giving the toddler a serious head injury. He was convicted on two charges of domestic assault and served his time at a Navy brig in San Diego. (The Air Force does not operate prisons.) In May 2014, Kelley was given a “bad conduct” discharge with the duty title of “prisoner,” the Air Force said.

Kelley also wrote in his security officer application that he had not been convicted of a felony level offense or a Class A or Class B misdemeanor or equivalent offense. While military law does not classify crimes as felonies or misdemeanors, Kelley’s domestic-assault sentence was functionally a felony conviction, according to Geoffrey Corn, a former Army lawyer and professor at the South Texas College of Law in Houston.

Kelley’s case has highlighted a problem with the FBI background-check system, which is missing millions of records of convictions and mental-health diagnoses that would keep guns out of potentially dangerous hands. As the security guard application also shows, these systems are fallible, asking people to submit honest information and then hoping any lies can be discovered. In Kelley’s application, he pledged that his information was accurate and agreed that he understood “any false statement made on this document or any other supplement . . . may result in criminal prosecution.”

As is the case with many teenagers, Kelley first encountered law enforcement officers through traffic stops. He received two tickets at age 17 for speeding and failing to stop at a stop sign, Comal County records show.

In August, John Donahue, a Comal County deputy constable, noticed an expired registration sticker on Kelley’s white Ford Expedition and pulled him over.

“The sticker had been expired for eight months, and then I found out he was uninsured,” Donahue told The Washington Post. “I towed his vehicle. He wasn’t happy about it, but he was just passive about it. It was kind of unremarkable.”

Donahue said Kelley used his cellphone to call a relative for a ride and declined to wait in the back of the patrol car, despite it being a “hot day in August,” Donahue said. He didn’t recall who picked Kelley up, nor does he know the family, though he lives nearby.

“He was not a happy camper,” Donahue said, “but he didn’t give me any cause for concern — no furtive movements, no verbiage, no threats.”

Donahue said the constable’s office doesn’t have in-car computers, so he would not have been able to see the county’s record that flagged Kelley for having psychiatric issues. Kelley cleared his tickets by bringing in proof of insurance and registration in September.

That Ford Expedition appears to be the same vehicle Kelley used to travel to the church and then flee after the massacre. According to court documents filed last week, after the church attack and the shootout that followed, law enforcement officials found the Expedition off the roadway.

Kelley had apparently toppled over after shooting himself, his head lying on the dirt outside his door while his legs remained on the floorboard inside the car. A pistol was found under his feet, while his iPhone was sitting nearby. Authorities have been unable to unlock the phone, but officials said this week that the FBI appears unlikelyto try to make a federal case out of forcing Apple to unlock the device.

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Reposted from Niagara Gazette

From a student with an apparent obsession for his professor's Stradivarius to an art restorer with some very sticky fingers, members of an elite FBI squad scour the U.S., and even the world, to hunt down missing treasures. 

Formed in 2004, the FBI's Art Crime Team, based in its New York City field office, has scored some incredible successes in the past dozen years.

"It's a very small percentage of what the FBI does," Special Agent Christopher McKeogh, told a gathering at the Castellani Art Museum at Niagara University this past week. "But we have the support (of the bureau) to do what we have to do."

The FBI estimates that the losses from theft, fraud, looting and trafficking in art and cultural objects can reach billions of dollars annually. And those losses can range from hundreds or thousands of dollars for unsuspecting consumers looking to find a good deal on a painting or print online to millions of dollars for the victims of sophisticated thieves.

McKeogh recounted his involvement in the investigation of Robert Lui, who worked as a painter and art restorer for a large art wholesaler. 

"So Lui retired (from working for the art wholesaler) and moved to Texas," McKeogh told his audience. "And shortly after that, (his former employer) found missing art work (from the wholesaler's collection) on Lui's eBay page."

The wholesaler estimated that he was missing about 150 pieces of art. 

With evidence from Lui's web page showing that he may have taken the art, FBI agents prepared to raid his Texas home. McKeogh said his team went to execute a search warrant expecting to, probably, find more than 150 items.

"We brought enough supplies (to collect and seize) 300 items," McKeogh said.

Once inside Luiu's home, the FBI agents discovered 2,315 paintings, sculptures and other works of art taken from the wholesaler. The value of the stolen items reached close to a million dollars.

"Victims frequently have no idea of the scope of the thefts," McKeogh said. "Sometimes they don't keep good records or up-to-date inventories."

He suggested that folks who have a passion for collecting art, even if it's not of the multi-million dollar variety, use caution in their buying and maintain meticulous records.

"Here's a tip," he said. "When you hear 31 pieces of undiscovered art have suddenly shown up on the market, that means they're not real."

He said the art of modern painters, like Jackson Pollack, is more likely to be copied than that of Van Gogh or da Vinci.

"The old masters are rarely copied,"McKeogh said. 

However, if your tastes run to older art works, McKeogh suggests you resist the urge to rely on forensic testing to determine authenticity. 

"It tends to be very expensive and we've found that, if you spend enough, you can get someone to authenticate (the work)," he said. "Use the (paper records of the art work's origins and sales or transfers) instead. And beware anything you buy online. Don't buy (fine) art on eBay."

McKeogh said his team has had great success in recovering and returning plundered art work from World War II. Part of the reason for that, he said, was that the Nazi's kept lots of detailed paperwork on the art they stole.

Sometimes, McKeogh, said stolen treasures are recovered when the thieves die and relatives go looking for an appraisal of their ill-gotten goods. That was the case when agents found a missing 1734 Ames Stradivarius.

The violin had been swiped from violinist and educator Roman Totenberg, the father of National Public Radio's Supeme Court reporter Nina Totenberg, after a 1980 concert. It remained missing for 35 years. 

That was when the ex-wife of former Totenberg student, Philip S. Johnson, discovered the instrument among his possessions following his death. She took the violin to be appraised and it was instantly identified as the Totenberg Stradivartius. 

McKeogh and his team stepped-in and returned the violin, estimated to be worth $5 million, to the Totenberg family. 

It's been restored and has even been played again, in concert by another former Totenberg student.

During a question and answer period, the audience peppered McKoegh with questions about the still unsolved and infamous theft from the Stewart Gardner Museum in Boston. The four-hour theft of 13 works of art, valued at around $500 million, is not being handled by the Art Crime Team.

Agents from the FBI's Boston field office are continuing to hunt for the two suspects who committed the crime. 

None of the art taken from the Stewart Gardner Museum has been seen, or offered for sale, in the last 27 years. That led to a final question for McKeogh — Why take stuff you can't sell?

"That's the $64 thousand dollar question," he said with a smile. "You have these valuable items but what do you do with them? You can't sell them and they're so well known, you can't just hang them on your wall. I hope some day they'll be recovered."

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Reposted from Defense Web

The United Nations Security Council this week focused its attention on global efforts to stop the traffic in and destruction of cultural property, with the head of the UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) setting out steps to protect cultural heritage and ensure it serves “as a source of belonging and peace for all people in times of conflict.” 

In her briefing, recently appointed UNESCO Director-General Audrey Azoulay, highlighted the Secretary-General’s first report on the adoption by the Council of resolution 2347 (2017), which, among others, condemns destruction of cultural heritage and the looting of cultural property. 

The resolution also encourages Member States to take preventive measures to safeguard cultural property in the context of armed conflict and “take appropriate steps to prevent and counter the illicit trade and trafficking in cultural property and other items of archaeological, historical, cultural, rare scientific and religious importance originating from armed conflict areas, notably from terrorist groups.” 

“The adoption of 2347 of 2017 is a breakthrough and testifies to a new awareness of the importance of culture to respond to conflicts, to prevent radicalisation and fight violent extremism,” Azoulay said adding she is encouraged by Member States’ strong actions to implement it and other Council measures that together provide key aspects in the response against terror and hatred. 

“In a short time span, 29 Member States shared information on new actions to protect cultural heritage, strengthen tools and training of specialised personnel, reinforced international co-operation and information sharing,” she said.

Calling these “positive signals of deep change,” Azoulay noted that more needs to be done. 

The UN cultural agency chief pointed out of 82 UNESCO World Heritage sites in the Arab region, 17 are on the list of World Heritage in Danger due to armed conflict. 

“Over 100 cultural heritage sites across Iraq have been damaged. All six Syrian World Heritage sites have been severely affected, including Palmyra and Aleppo, one of the oldest cities in the world, now reduced to rubble.” 

“In all this, I pledge again UNESCO’s determination to support Member States with the necessary tools and policy advice,” she said. 

Vladimir Voronkov, Under-Secretary-General of the UN Counter-Terrorism Office, explained how terrorists, particularly in armed conflict situations, destroy not only lives and property but in targeting World Heritage Sites, they attack historical roots and cultural diversity. 

“The goal is obvious – to undermine national identity and international law, Heritage constitutes a source of identity and cohesion not only for particular communities but the world community.”

He linked looting and illicit trafficking of cultural objects with financing of terrorism, noting a number of resolutions and legal frameworks to address these crimes. 

“Protecting our cultural heritage requires us to make every effort to implement this international legal and normative framework by strengthening international co-operation,” he said, suggesting an “All of UN” approach as key for effective action. 

He advocated stronger focus on investigation, cross-border co-operation and exchange of information as well as including private and public-sector partners to promote supply chain integrity and stop the illicit sale of cultural property. 

“We must take the opportunity to strengthen efforts to better safeguard vulnerable cultural property in conflict areas, as well as pursue longer-term measures to prevent terrorists and criminals profiting from trafficking,” he said. 

There was a need to help countries detect stolen cultural property and improve international co-operation in investigation, prosecution and adjudication of trafficking in cultural property cases.

“Only in this way can we protect precious cultural heritage from being lost forever,” he said. 

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Reposted from Wales Online News

War museum volunteers displayed the true “blitz spirit” when vandals targeted their premises for a third time.

Staff and helpers at Barry War Museum refused to the latest break in stop their fifth anniversary celebrations and they continued with a 1940s singalong and afternoon tea despite “mindless” criminals having earlier attempted a break-in.

But organisers branded the vandals’ actions “despicable”, and warned they were disrupting the future plans of the museum.

As they prepared for their landmark celebration at Barry Island Station on Saturday, they found someone had tried to prise a door open at a nearby building which they hope to take over.

The attack took place at the Plymouth Road Exhibition Building, which has been earmarked for an extension of the museum.

Two previous incidents have already put the group’s plans on hold.

John Buxton, managing director of British Tourist Railway. said: “We noticed the damage on Saturday.

“Someone could see that someone had tried to prise the door open. We have had two vandal attacks there. It used to be used to store railway vehicles. There were more things there but we moved them following the other incidents.

“The people who did this would have been disappointed this time as there wasn’t much there.”

John, 65, explained the group felt “huge disappointment” at the news but, in true wartime spirit, they were determined not to let the “despicable event” dampen their mood. Members of the group continued to sing along to 1940s songs.

Even though the event went ahead John said the group really wants justice to be served.

He said: “In the past, thousands of pounds worth of damage has been caused.

“Things have been broken and graffiti has been left. People have put so much effort into our project – telling the history of Barry in terms of the community, the docks, the railway and the two world wars.

“The town has a great history, but few people know it’s rich and interesting story.

“While we have been working to this end, there are others who have been seriously undermining our efforts but we shall overcome. It’s such a shame that these mindless vandals are delaying our plans.

“These people must be caught or the whole community will be the loser.”

South Wales Police confirmed the unit was targeted by vandals. The door was forced open and the interior vandalized with graffiti. Anyone with information is urged to contact 101 quoting reference number 463447.

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Reposted from Security Info Watch

A Manhattan mile transformed into a killing field yesterday afternoon when a man rented a pickup truck and carried out his jihad. “Rent me starting at $19” read the sign on the grotesquely bent truck, a painful testament to the disproportionate economies-of-scale of asymmetric warfare. In the city where law enforcement, intelligence, and anti-terrorism capabilities have been constant since 9/11, bent bicycle frames littered the streets like post-carnival decorations. Eight innocents died before the pickup hit a school bus and came to a halt.

Reporters and anchors are asking, “what could law enforcement have done to prevent this attack?” The important thing to know is that law enforcement and intelligence personnel have been and continue to do everything they reasonably can within their scope of authority. This attack was not due to any failure on their part.

The three required elements of a crime in U.S. law are motive, means, and opportunity. The motive is wide-ranging but for consideration herein, we assume that motivation exists and is sufficient to embolden a deadly-force attack on others. Law enforcement and intelligence efforts (combined with coordinated preventative/defensive security measures) have ramped-up nationwide since 9/11, to the point that meansand opportunity requirements for significant terrorism exceed the capabilities of most adversary groups. While no locations can be secured against all threats; protective money, time and effort have been allocated in a prioritized, methodical, and deliberate manner nationwide. 

Tuesday’s attack is an unfortunate but poignant side-effect of responsible government resource prioritization; increasing means requirements and reducing opportunity at larger targets has shifted the available target opportunities to softer, smaller targets like the Manhattan bicycle path. As larger targets were hardened, smaller and “softer” targets became more attractive to adversaries.

This attack was enabled by minimal means requirements; a common vehicle with everyday operational skills was all that was needed. Minimal complexity, planning, logistics, communications, timing, secrecy, or funding thresholds stood in the way of success. Even a police traffic-stop 100 feet from the attack starting point would have been almost irrelevant. As the perpetrator was unassuming and law-abiding up to the moment of attack, police and intelligence personnel did everything in advance that could be asked of them.

The real chance to increase public safety in this and in many similar soft-target scenarios lies with the security designer and civil engineer. Engineering and traffic controls combined with architectural and security elements will reduce opportunity and increase means requirements. These classic force protection principles are neither cost-free nor 100 percent effective but are wisely employed in a distributed fashion providing reasonable protection at a reasonable cost. When optimized for each municipality (or town, park or business), they will increase security and safety while limiting cost and potential liability.

Urban planning and public safety concerns are converging; hardening critical infrastructure has left smaller, softer targets (including pedestrian and bicycle paths) as low-hanging fruit for opportunistic perpetrators. Terrorist organizations have actively spread these targeting suggestions to their followers, and the threat will persist for the foreseeable future. 

This iteration of public security enhancement is in the hands of the planners, designers, architects, engineers, and law enforcement liaison personnel. Soft targets need not remain vulnerable, nor do they have to be transformed into unusable, unwelcoming space in order to provide safety. 

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Reposted from SHRM.org

Even the best workplace security plan is ineffective if no one knows about it. That doesn't mean employers need to walk their staff through a security plan in detail. Rather, it means they should make sure that employees are trained on their roles in the plan and that they understand what to do in an emergency.

All employers should have their employees watch the FBI's video "Run. Hide. Fight." This video details what the FBI now recommends when a shooter enters the workplace. The video instructs employees to try to get away if they can.

If they can't escape, they should hide and use barriers to prevent the shooter from getting to them. As a last resort, they may have to fight the shooter.

It's a powerful and alarming video, but it's a great way to get employees thinking about how to react in a nightmare scenario.

After I watched the video for the first time, I decided to figure out where I would go should there be an emergency at my workplace. I recommend that employers train their workers how to evacuate the building after watching the video. Businesses also need a contingency plan for employees with disabilities who have difficulty using stairs.

[SHRM members-only toolkit: Developing Effective Safety Management Programs]

Have a Written Plan

If employers don't have strong written policies prohibiting threatening behavior and weapons in the workplace, they are vulnerable.

Workers need to have confidence that their reports will be taken seriously, that their identities won't be divulged unnecessarily and that leaders will take appropriate action, even if workers don't always hear what that action is.

So if employees lack confidence in their manager to handle a threatening situation or to report such incidents, employers may want to appoint a more senior person or an HR representative to field concerns.

Further, employers might want to set up a hotline where employees can anonymously report concerns. Whatever method they choose, businesses must make sure that employees understand that they must respond immediately and diligently if they perceive a threat.

Employers must make sure that the plan is disseminated to all workers through multiple means, including printing the plan in the employee handbook, posting it on workplace bulletin boards and giving it to employees on a card they can carry in their wallets.

Explain Employee Resources

If an employer contracts with an outside hotline service, it should make sure employees understand that the service is provided by a third party, that it is anonymous and that there will be no retaliation against employees who report to the hotline. Employees should know where to find the hotline number and should be told that the company's senior managers have sanctioned the hotline or other reporting method.

It's a good idea during training to review scenarios that employees might want to report and to explain that they should err on the side of over-reporting.

Finally, I recommend additional training for managers, particularly with regard to employee terminations. Firing an employee can be an emotionally charged experience, and managers need to know how to handle terminations to reduce the risk of violence.

Such training can also explore how to handle firings in a way that reduces the risk of an employment lawsuit. 

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Reposted from Fifth Domain

Some 25 percent of emails claiming to be from the federal government are either unauthenticated or malicious, according to a new report from cybersecurity firm Agari.

In the report, Agari notes federal agencies will continue to suffer from excessive malicious emails without the usage of proper Domain-based Message Authentication (DMARC) monitoring policies. The company concluded that 90 percent of the 400 federal domains are vulnerable to these types of threats.

Agari believes that this is because 82 percent of federal domains do not use DMARC email authentication standards. This factor increasingly leaves constituents vulnerable to phishing and general email-based cyberattacks that can involve the theft of passwords, installation of ransomware, or the conning of users to send money.

DMARC is an email authentication system that discovers and potentially rejects unauthorized emails that appear from organization controlled domains before reaching the intended recipients. The U.S. Department of Homeland Security issued a binding operational directive this week that ordered DMARC usage as a part of a greater mandate to increase federal agency email and web security.

Agari showcases how even the few federal domains that do have DMARC programs are still vulnerable to virulent email activity, as they do not have a strict “reject” policy.

About 9.3 percent of federal DMARC domains have policies that only “monitor” authentication abuses and not block them. Furthermore, less than 1 percent of DMARC domains have a “quarantine” (spam folder) policy, and only 8.9 percent have the “reject” policy. Agari emphasizes how DMARC cannot be effectively used in a federal domain without having “quarantine” or “reject” policies.

Agari ultimately finds that many organizations have difficulty transitioning from the first stage of DMARC, i.e the “monitor policy,” to the “quarantine” and “reject” policies. This is because large organizations must identify who is sending emails on their behalf, and then authenticate said emails before their policy is changed. Agari seems to suggest that this process can be arduous for one organization alone, as they subsequently offer their analytics and workflow services to better help organizations transition to DMARC “reject” policies. 

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